There are several geometrical figures in mathematics and one of them is a parallelogram. The term ‘parallelogram’ is taken from the Greek word ‘parallelogrammon’ which implies “bounded by parallel lines.” This article will shed light on some basic concepts of parallelogram including its meaning, shape, special types, and formulas (perimeter and area of parallelogram).
What Do You Mean by Parallelogram?
A parallelogram is a two-dimensional geometrical figure having opposite sides parallel to each other. It can also be referred to as a polygon having four sides where the pairs of parallel sides are equal in length. The interior opposite angles of this two-dimensional figure are equal in measure and the sum of all the interior angles is 360 degrees.
What is the Shape of a Parallelogram?
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral having a two-dimensional shape. This specific figure has four sides and the two pairs of sides in this figure are parallel and equal in length. In a case when the length of the opposite sides being parallel to each other is not equal, then the shape of a particular figure can’t be of a parallelogram. Similarly, if the measure of interior opposite angles of a figure is not equal, then the particular shape is not a parallelogram.
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What are the Special Types of a Parallelogram?
Some special types of a parallelogram are mentioned a follows:
- Square and Rectangle: Square and rectangle are the two geometric figures the shape of which is similar to that of a parallelogram. The opposite sides are equal and parallel to each other. Also, the opposite interior angles are equal in both these figures.
- Rhombus: When all the sides of a parallelogram are equal in length, then the specific figure can be called a rhombus.
- Rhomboid: It is referred to as the special type of parallelogram in which the opposite sides are parallel to each other, but adjacent sides are not equal in lengths.
- Trapezium: A parallelogram having one pair of parallel sides and the other two sides non-parallel is called a trapezium.
What are the Formulas of Parallelograms?
In this section, we will cover the formulas of a parallelogram- a formula for the area and perimeter of a parallelogram. These formulas can be used to solve complex problems related to the parallelogram.
- Area of a Parallelogram: The area of a parallelogram can be defined as the measure of the region covered by its four sides in a two-dimensional plane. To calculate the area of a parallelogram it is important to have the values of length and height of the parallelogram. The area of this particular figure is measured in square units. Below-given is the mathematical formula to calculate the area of a parallelogram.
Area of a parallelogram= (Base x Height) square units
- The Perimeter of a Parallelogram: The perimeter of a parallelogram can be defined as the length of all four sides of the distance covered around the geometrical figure. To calculate the perimeter of a parallelogram it is important to have the values of length and breadth of the parallelogram. The perimeter of this particular figure is measured in units. Below-given is the mathematical formula to calculate the perimeter of a parallelogram.
Perimeter of a parallelogram: 2 (a+b) units
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